第4章计算机网络与分布式系统-软考吧-您身边的软考专家-www.ruankaoba.com

第4章计算机网络与分布式系统

总题数：160题

【6】以下关于SSL/TLS协议的说法中，正确的是（6）。

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【11】在TCP/IP模型中，（11）协议不属于网络层。

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【15】构件模型包含一些模型要素。下列不属于构件模型要素的是（15）。

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【17】企业网络改造，在不改变原有网络和IP地址情况下，串联接入防火墙实现过滤器，最适合采用（17）。

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【22】下列IP地址中，（22）属于公网IP地址且可用于互联网通信。

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【71-75】The objective of the systems analysis phase is to understand the proposed project,ensure that it wil1 support business requirements, and build a solid foundation for systemdevelopment. The systems analysis phase includes four main activities. （71）involves fact-finding to describe the current system and identification of the requirements for the newsystem, such as outputs， inputs，processes,performance,and security. （72） refer to thelogical rules that are applied to transform the data into meaningful information.（73）continuesthe modeling process by learning how to represent graphica1ly system data and processes usingtraditional structured ana1ysis techniques. （74） combines data and the processes that act onthe data into objects. These objects represent actual people, things，transactions，and eventsthat affect the system. In （75）, we wil1 consider various development options and preparefor the transition to the systems design phase of the SDLC.

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【71-75】Unified Modeling Language （UML） is a widely used method of visualizing and documenting an information system. The UML can be used to develop （71） , in which an object represents a person, place, event, or transaction that is significant to the information system. Systems analysts define an object^,s attributes during the （72） . An object also has （73） , which are tasks or functions that the object performs when it receives a message, or command, to do so. A(n) （74） is a group of similar objects. If objects are similar to nouns,attributes are similar to adjectives that describe the characteristics of an object. Objects can have a specific attribute called a(n) （75） , which of an object is an adjective that describes the object，s current status. All objects within a class share common attributes and methods, so a class is like a blueprint, or template fbr all the objects within the class.

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【71-75】During the systems planning phase, a systems analyst conducts a（71）activity to study the systems request and recommend specific action. After obtaining an authorization to proceed, the analyst interacts with （72） to gather facts about the problem or opportunity,project scope and constraints, project benefits, and estimated development time and costs.In many cases, the systems request does not reveal the underlying problem, but only asymptom. A popular technique for investigating causes and effects is called （73）.
The analyst has analyzed the problem or opportunity, defined the project scope and constraints, and performed（74）to evaluate project usability, costs, benefits, and time constraints. The end product of the activity is（75）. The main content must include an estimate of time, staffing requirements, costs, benefits, and expected results for the next phase of the SDLC.

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【71-75】The purpose of the systems analysis phase is to build a logical mode1 of the new system.The first step is （ 71）,where you investigate business processes and document what the new system must do to satisfy users. This step continuesthe investigation that began during the （72）.You use the fact-finding results to build business models，data and processmodels , and object models. The deliverable for the systems analysis phase is the（73）, which describes managementand user requirements , costs and benefits , and outlines alternative development strategies.
The purpose of the systems design phase is to create a physical model that will satisfy a11 documented requirementsfor the system.During the systems design phase，you need to determine the（74）， which programmers wil1 use to transformthe logical design into program modules and code.The deliverable for this phase is the（75）, which is presented tomanagement and users for review and approva1.

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【71-75】A variety of tools is available to help the analyst to discover the users' true needs.These tools are grouped into three broad techniques that are based on the degree of change anticipated in the to-be system - Business process（71） is used when the basic business Requirements outlined in the system request focus on employing computer technology in some aspect of the business process. Two popular activities used in the technique are（72）. Business process（73）means that the basic business requirements target moderate changes to the organization' s operations.
（74）are three popular activities in the technique. Business process （75）means changing the current way of doing business and making major changes to take advantage of new ideas and new technology.

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